Los Estados Peninsulares

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Campeche, Yucatán & Quintana Roo

  La danza, la fiesta y la música de los estados peninsulares de Campeche, Yucatán y Quintana Roo se llaman "jaranas". Esta música es una combinación maravillosa de folklor Espaíol con los sonidos pentatónicos de la música Maya. Además el estilo afro-caribeío de guaracha (hoy en día conocido como salsa) ha ejercido tremenda influencia en las jaranas debido a la proximidad con Cuba. La música se toca generalmente con orquesta con lineas melódicas prominentes para el clarinete y el saxofón.

  En el estado de Yucatán el "terno" es el nombre del atuendo femenil de tres piezas. Consiste de las siguientes piezas en satín:   In the state of Yucatán the "terno" is the name of the female's three-piece vestment. It consists of three embroidered satin pices: a tunic called "hipil" in Mayan; the embroidered collar called "jubçn"; and the skirt, called "fustán". The local mestiza women wear a rebozo, use a coral rosary as a necklace and a giant bow on their heads called "cinta colorada". The men wear the Caribbean guayabera, a name given to this shirt because of its four pockets big enough to fit several guava fruit in each.

  The most popular festivity is the vaqueria, a celebration that landowners organize to thank their hired hands after the branding of the cattle. The dances that compose a vaqueria are a series of jaranas that have become standards. It opens with a procession in which the main dishes are carried to the landowner's home, where everyone is invited to dine, and then in late aftenoon, the dancing begins. Anaripola, Aires Yucatecos, the Maypole Dance (Tukunluchuu), Las mujeres que se pintan, El toro grande and El torito are all favorite jaranas. ◊ © José Luis Ovalle